Breast reduction surgery, also known as reduction mammoplasty

Breast reduction surgery, or reduction mammoplasty, is a procedure where excess breast tissue and skin are removed surgically. The surgery can be performed using various techniques, depending on individual characteristics, physical needs, and aesthetic goals.

Reduction surgery often alleviates neck and shoulder pain caused by large breasts. It can also provide better opportunities for physical activity and clothing choices. Breast reduction is often perceived as significantly improving quality of life.

Breast reduction surgery is suitable for women of all ages whose breast development is complete, typically at least 18 years old. Pregnancy and breastfeeding can affect the results of breast reduction surgery, so many choose to postpone the procedure until they are no longer planning to have children.

A woman with large breasts is not necessarily overweight; glandular tissue can grow large even in slender individuals. Even small reductions in large breasts can shift the center of gravity and significantly reduce shoulder pain.

Breast reduction may be beneficial in the following cases:

• Breasts are too large and create a disproportionate body shape.
• Chronic neck, back, or shoulder pain caused by the weight of the breasts.
• Heavy and sagging breasts.
• Deep indentations from bra straps.
• Skin irritation or rashes under the breasts.
• Large breasts limit physical activity and exercise.
• Large breasts cause discomfort or insecurity.
• Breasts are asymmetrical in size.

• Consultation. The first step in breast reduction is a consultation with a plastic surgeon. During the appointment, aesthetic goals and any concerns about the procedure are discussed.
  
• Health assessment. The plastic surgeon also evaluates overall health. The consultation includes a review of past and current medical conditions, medications, supplements, herbal products, and previous surgeries.
  
• Physical examination. During the consultation, the plastic surgeon examines the breasts, assessing their size, shape, skin elasticity, and the position of the areolas. The doctor may also take photographs, which will be visible in OmaMehiläinen. A mammogram may be recommended before the surgery.
  
• Treatment options. The consultation also covers the suitable surgical technique, risks involved, and necessary tests. The doctor provides an estimate of the expected changes.
  
• Instructions to take home. Following the plastic surgeon's instructions is crucial to ensure the best possible outcome. The instructions include information about support bras, activity restrictions, wound care, and follow-up appointments. Smoking should be avoided for at least four weeks before and after the surgery.
  
• Clothing. On the day of the surgery, wear loose and comfortable clothing. The day after the surgery, appropriate-sized bras are selected. Support aids healing and prevents fluid accumulation.
  
• Support. Ensure you have help for getting home and assistance with dressing, household chores, and shopping during recovery.

• Rest. Avoid physical exertion, lifting heavy objects, and sudden arm movements. Light household tasks can be done a few days after the surgery. Walking outdoors is also allowed.
  
• Hygiene. You can shower normally the day after the surgery. The wounds are usually covered with surgical tape, which can get wet and stay in place until the stitches are removed or for 1–2 weeks.
  
• Sauna. Sauna use is generally discouraged for at least two weeks after the surgery. The heat can increase swelling and slow down healing, so it’s important to wait until the surgeon gives permission.
  
• Clothing. Wear compression garments or support bras if recommended by the surgeon, as they help reduce swelling and support the breasts.
  
• Swelling and bruising. Swelling and bruising usually subside within a few weeks, and the final results begin to appear. Sensation in the nipple and areola typically returns gradually. Compression garments can help reduce swelling and promote healing.
  
• Scars. The breasts will settle into their natural shape a few months after the surgery. Scars will also fade, lighten, and flatten over time.
  
• Exercise. Light walking is usually allowed a few days after the surgery and can help improve circulation and reduce swelling. You can return to lighter activities, such as stretching or yoga, when you feel comfortable and the surgeon approves. Avoid heavy exercise, such as running, weightlifting, or intense aerobic activities, for at least 4–6 weeks after the surgery.
  
• Follow-up. The first post-operative check-up is scheduled 1–2 weeks after the surgery. Subsequent follow-ups are usually at 6 and 12 months, during which the plastic surgeon evaluates the long-term results.
  
• Medications. The surgeon may prescribe anti-inflammatory medications to manage post-operative pain. These should be used as directed, ensuring they are safe to use with any other prescribed medications. Pain usually subsides within a few days.
  
• Home care instructions. After the surgery, you will receive comprehensive and clear instructions for home care. Following these instructions is essential to ensure the best possible outcome.
  
• Sick leave. The length of sick leave depends on the type of work and is typically 2–4 weeks.