Menstruation usually begins in girls at the age of 10–16. The onset of menstruation is a sign of reaching reproductive capacity, so contraception must be taken care of if necessary.


Prices for specialists, e.g., gynaecologists, dermatologists, cardiologists, orthopaedists, and ophthalmologists, may vary according to the specialist. You can see the exact price on the specialist's own page or in the online booking by clicking on the doctor's name.
| Service | Price estimate | Info |
|---|---|---|
| Appointment with a specialist, 20 min Price per appointment. | from 140,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 148,10 € Price estimate from 140,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 148,10 € | Price per appointment. |
| Appointment with a specialist, 30 min Price per appointment. | from 163,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 171,10 € Price estimate from 163,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 171,10 € | Price per appointment. |
| Appointment with a specialist, 45 min Price per appointment. | from 199,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 207,10 € Price estimate from 199,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 207,10 € | Price per appointment. |
| Gynaecologist's appointment, 20 min | from 83,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 153,10 € Price estimate from 83,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 153,10 € | |
| Gynaecologist's appointment, 30 min | from 90,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 160,10 € Price estimate from 90,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 160,10 € | |
| Dermatologist's appointment, 20 min | from 144,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 152,10 € Price estimate from 144,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 152,10 € | |
| Dermatologist's appointment, 30 min | from 159,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 167,10 € Price estimate from 159,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 167,10 € | |
| ENT doctor's appointment, 20 min | from 142,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 150,10 € Price estimate from 142,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 150,10 € | |
| ENT doctor's appointment, 30 min | from 166,90 € Without Kela reimbursement from 174,90 € Price estimate from 166,90 € Without Kela reimbursement from 174,90 € | |
| Paediatrician's appointment, 20 min | from 142,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 150,10 € Price estimate from 142,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 150,10 € | |
| Paediatrician's appointment, 30 min | from 166,90 € Without Kela reimbursement from 174,90 € Price estimate from 166,90 € Without Kela reimbursement from 174,90 € | |
| Orthopaedist's appointment, 20 min | from 142,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 150,10 € Price estimate from 142,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 150,10 € | |
| Orthopaedist's appointment, 30 min | from 166,90 € Without Kela reimbursement from 174,90 € Price estimate from 166,90 € Without Kela reimbursement from 174,90 € | |
| Appointment with a psychiatrist, 45 min Price per appointment. | from 123,70 € Without Kela reimbursement from 173,70 € Price estimate from 123,70 € Without Kela reimbursement from 173,70 € | Price per appointment. |
| Appointment with a psychiatrist, 60 min Price per appointment. | from 172,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 232,10 € Price estimate from 172,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 232,10 € | Price per appointment. |
| Ophthalmologist's appointment, 30 min | from 166,90 € Without Kela reimbursement from 174,90 € Price estimate from 166,90 € Without Kela reimbursement from 174,90 € | |
| Ophthalmologist's appointment, 45 min | from 222,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 230,10 € Price estimate from 222,10 € Without Kela reimbursement from 230,10 € |

Revised 8/20/2024
Published 8/20/2024
Gynaecologist
A medical specialist in female fertility who examines and treats gynaecological problems.
Gynecologist's introductory examination for new client €149*
Campaign: Affordable gynaecologist visit for new clients—whether it's been a while or you're looking for a trusted physician.
General practitioner
Professional help for health issues quickly and easily.
Menstruation is linked to a woman’s fertility. Every month, the uterus prepares to receive a fertilised egg released from the ovaries by thickening the mucous membrane of the uterus. When pregnancy does not begin, the mucous membrane of the uterus is discharged as menstrual bleeding at the end of the menstrual cycle.
The menstrual cycle begins on the first day of menstrual bleeding and ends when the next bleeding starts. The menstrual cycle usually lasts 24–38 days.
Menstruation can involve various sensations and symptoms at different stages of the cycle. They are caused by changes in the body's hormone levels.
If menstruation significantly interferes with everyday life or there are disturbances in your menstrual cycle or menstruation, it is a good idea to have it examined at a physician's practice. Our expert gynaecologist is here to help you in situations such as the following:
Disorders related to the menstrual cycle or menstrual bleeding are examined at a gynaecologist’s practice. If a gynaecological internal examination makes you nervous, tell the gynaecologist about your anxiety. Performing a gynaecological examination is not always necessary; instead, treatment can be planned if there is sufficient information about your symptoms and menstrual cycle based on your own follow-up. We do everything we can to ensure that the appointment goes as pleasantly as possible.
The gynaecologist performs a careful internal examination and uses an ultrasound device if necessary to examine the structure of the uterus and ovaries.
Sometimes taking samples is required to rule out an inflammation or another disease, or to detect anaemia.
Once the diagnosis is clear, the gynaecologist will discuss treatment options suitable for your situation with you. If necessary, the situation will be monitored, for example, during a phone appointment.
Menstruation usually begins in girls at the age of 10–16. The onset of menstruation is a sign of reaching reproductive capacity, so contraception must be taken care of if necessary.
The exact timing of the onset of menstruation cannot be accurately predicted. Changes occurring in the body, such as body hair, breast development and perspiration, often anticipate the onset of menstruation. In the beginning, menstrual bleeding can vary in amount and consistency, and the cycle can be very regular or irregular. A young person should learn right from the start to keep track of their periods, for example, using phone apps.
If menstruation has not started by the age of 16, it is good to investigate the situation more closely, for example at a school doctor's or gynaecologist's practice. The reason can be low body weight, strenuous training, overweight, or a primary disease, such as hypothyroidism or coeliac disease. Information about the mother’s and siblings’ pubertal development is also important when considering causes or necessary follow-up examinations regarding the matter.
Menstruation usually ends with menopause at the age of 43–57. Before the last period, the cycle is often irregular for a few years. Menstruation is considered to have ended when a year has passed since the last menstruation.
PMS refers to premenstrual syndrome, which manifests as irritability, fatigue, low mood, tearfulness and mood swings for a few days before the start of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms are caused by changes in the body's oestrogen levels.
If the symptoms interfere with everyday life, it is advisable to bring up the matter at a gynaecologist’s practice. Exercise and a healthy diet can alleviate symptoms; if necessary, chemotherapy can be resorted to.
Fatigue may occur at different stages of the menstrual cycle due to fluctuations in hormone levels. Anemia caused by heavy menstruation can also manifest as fatigue. If fatigue interferes with daily life, consult a physician.
Loose stools are a common ailment during menstruation. For some, menstruation causes constipation instead. In addition to changes in bowel function, abdominal pain and cramps may occur during menstruation. In difficult pain situations, it is good to rule out the possibility of endometriosis.
A copper IUD can increase the amount of menstrual bleeding. A hormonal IUD usually reduces menstrual bleeding. In users of a hormonal IUD, periods may stop completely.
There are several causes for irregular periods. Menstrual cycle disorders are common, especially in the first years of menstruation and during perimenopause. For example, eating disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothyroidism also cause an irregular menstrual cycle.
If the length of the menstrual cycle is less than 23 days, it is a short menstrual cycle. The reason may be a disorder related to ovulation. The menstrual cycle also becomes shorter as menopause approaches. It is advisable to have a short menstrual cycle examined at a gynaecologist’s practice.
If your period is late and the pregnancy test is negative, the delay is probably due to a reason other than pregnancy, such as normal variation in the length of the menstrual cycle.
Menstrual cycle disorders can be caused by, among other things, rapid changes in weight, insufficient energy intake and rest, for example in connection with exercise or another stress factor. A menstrual cycle disorder can be the first sign of a primary disease, such as hypothyroidism or coeliac disease.
A pregnancy can end so early that the woman does not even know she was pregnant. An early miscarriage is called a chemical pregnancy. In practice, the period is then slightly late and bleeding may be heavier than usual. However, periods can be delayed and the amount of bleeding can vary for other reasons as well. A chemical pregnancy can only be verified with a pregnancy test.
Bleeding during pregnancy is rare. Bleeding during pregnancy is not real menstrual bleeding. Consult a physician or contact the maternity and child health clinic if you experience period-like bleeding during pregnancy.
The return of periods after delivery varies from a few weeks to a year. Most commonly, periods return about six months after delivery. Periods can return despite breastfeeding. It is a good idea to plan contraception soon after delivery.
Menstrual bleeding that stopped with the use of a hormonal coil can return, for example, when the hormone release of the hormonal coil begins to decrease or the hormonal coil has moved out of place. It is a good idea to have the matter checked at a gynaecologist's practice.
At childbearing age, very light periods can be a sign that there have been changes in your state of health. The cause may be, for example, a severe inflammation or adhesions in the uterus. With age, menstrual flow naturally decreases. Hormonal contraception can also be the reason for light bleeding.
If your periods suddenly become light or there are other clear changes in your menstrual cycle, it is worth having the matter examined at a gynaecologist’s practice.
At the beginning and end of menstruation, menstrual bleeding can be brown. The brown colour of menstrual bleeding is caused by scanty, already coagulated discharge that exits the vagina more slowly. If menstrual bleeding is brown throughout the entire period of bleeding, it may be a case of light menstrual bleeding. If there are clear changes in the amount or composition of the bleeding, the cause can be investigated at a gynaecologist’s practice.
If the amount of menstrual bleeding interferes with daily life and menstrual protection does not seem to be enough, you should seek help for heavy bleeding. Heavy bleeding can lead to anaemia. The reason can be, for example, a hereditary bleeding tendency or benign myomas or polyps of the uterine mucous membrane. A cause for heavy bleeding is not always found.
Heavy menstrual bleeding can be controlled with a hormonal coil, other hormonal contraceptives, or medications such as tranexamic acid or anti-inflammatory drugs. In the most severe cases or situations where hormone therapy cannot be used, destroying the uterine mucous membrane with heat therapy can be considered. If heavy bleeding is caused by uterine polyps or myomas, they can be removed in an endoscopic procedure. Sometimes the treatment may also be removal of the uterus through surgery.
Prolonged menstruation refers to menstrual bleeding that has lasted for two weeks or longer. Consult a gynaecologist if the ailment occurs repeatedly in menstrual cycles. Prolonged bleeding may lead to anaemia. There may be a hormonal cause behind it, uterine myomas and polyps, or a hereditary bleeding tendency.
The resumption of menstruation after menopause may indicate a malignant change in the uterus, especially if more than a year has passed since menstruation ended. If only a few months have passed since menstruation ended, it may be natural bleeding related to the waning of the menstrual cycle. Consult a gynaecologist if you experience menstrual bleeding after menopause.
Ovulation means the release of an egg from the ovary. Ovulation is part of the menstrual cycle. During the menstrual cycle, an ovarian follicle develops in one of the ovaries, from which an egg is released when the ovarian follicle ruptures. During ovulation, it is possible to become pregnant.
Ovulation is part of the normal menstrual cycle and its timing is influenced by the length of the menstrual cycle. Ovulation occurs about 12–14 days before the start of the next menstrual period.
An oocyte lives for only about 24 hours after ovulation. During that time, pregnancy can begin if a sperm fertilises the oocyte. Sperm can live in the fallopian tube for 2–3 days at best. For this reason, intercourse is recommended two days before ovulation as well as the day after ovulation.
The length of the menstrual cycle is calculated from the first day of bleeding to the first day of the next bleeding. Spotting and brown discharge are not yet counted. When the first day of the cycle needs to be known as accurately as possible for fertility treatments, the start of proper bleeding typical for you is counted as the first day of the cycle.





