A Kanta fee (4.20€) and an outpatient fee (37.90€) are added to some fertility treatments.
| Service | Price | Info |
|---|---|---|
| Insemination (IUI), includes the male part The price includes the insemination, the ultrasound scan performed in connection with it and the processing of sperm for the insemination. | 372,80 € Without Kela reimbursement 487,80 € Price 372,80 € Without Kela reimbursement 487,80 € | The price includes the insemination, the ultrasound scan performed in connection with it and the processing of sperm for the insemination. |
| In vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment The price includes two follow-up visits and follicle ultrasound scans at the physician's practice, egg retrieval, Zymot sperm processing for IVF, embryo cultures and the use of embryo glue. The price does NOT include embryo transfer. The price of a fresh embryo transfer is €478.30 / deductible €283.30. Embryo transfer includes EmbryoGlue. The price does not include medication. | 2 969,10 € Without Kela reimbursement 4 104,10 € Price 2 969,10 € Without Kela reimbursement 4 104,10 € | The price includes two follow-up visits and follicle ultrasound scans at the physician's practice, egg retrieval, Zymot sperm processing for IVF, embryo cultures and the use of embryo glue. The price does NOT include embryo transfer. The price of a fresh embryo transfer is €478.30 / deductible €283.30. Embryo transfer includes EmbryoGlue. The price does not include medication. |
| Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and examination of egg quality The price includes two follow-up appointments and follicle ultrasound scans at the doctor's practice, egg retrieval, Zymot sperm processing for ICSI, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (the price varies according to the number of cells to be fertilised (1–4 cells/over 16 cells)), embryo cultures and the use of embryo glue, as well as AI-based egg quality assessment. The price does NOT include embryo transfer. The price of a fresh embryo transfer is €492.70 / deductible €297.70. Embryo transfer includes EmbryoGlue. The price does not include medications. | 3 844,90 € Without Kela reimbursement 5 329,90 € Price 3 844,90 € Without Kela reimbursement 5 329,90 € | The price includes two follow-up appointments and follicle ultrasound scans at the doctor's practice, egg retrieval, Zymot sperm processing for ICSI, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (the price varies according to the number of cells to be fertilised (1–4 cells/over 16 cells)), embryo cultures and the use of embryo glue, as well as AI-based egg quality assessment. The price does NOT include embryo transfer. The price of a fresh embryo transfer is €492.70 / deductible €297.70. Embryo transfer includes EmbryoGlue. The price does not include medications. |
| Tissue sample from the testes (testicular biopsy) Searching for sperm in a biopsy taken from the testes. The operation is performed under local anaesthesia. | 1 060,00 € Without Kela reimbursement 1 100,00 € Price 1 060,00 € Without Kela reimbursement 1 100,00 € | Searching for sperm in a biopsy taken from the testes. The operation is performed under local anaesthesia. |
| Microsurgical testicular biopsy Inquire about the price and service availability by calling the clinic. Call the advisory service (local network rate/mobile charge) | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | Inquire about the price and service availability by calling the clinic. Call the advisory service (local network rate/mobile charge) |
| Donated embryos | 1 380,20 € No Kela reimbursement Price 1 380,20 € No Kela reimbursement | |
| Donor sperm Donor sperm from the clinic's own sperm bank for one treatment session: The price consists of a reservation and handling fee and a usage fee. | from 789,00 € No Kela reimbursement Price from 789,00 € No Kela reimbursement | Donor sperm from the clinic's own sperm bank for one treatment session: The price consists of a reservation and handling fee and a usage fee. |
| Proactive oocyte cryopreservation The price includes treatment planning, two ultrasound scans, egg cell collection, and cryopreservation of the egg cells (1–10 egg cells). The final price of egg cell cryopreservation depends on the number of egg cells to be frozen. Inquire about the price and availability of the service by calling the clinic. | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | The price includes treatment planning, two ultrasound scans, egg cell collection, and cryopreservation of the egg cells (1–10 egg cells). The final price of egg cell cryopreservation depends on the number of egg cells to be frozen. Inquire about the price and availability of the service by calling the clinic. |
| Donated eggs Ask about the price and availability of the service by calling the clinic. Call the advisory service (local network rate/mobile charge) | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | Ask about the price and availability of the service by calling the clinic. Call the advisory service (local network rate/mobile charge) |
| PGT-A chromosome screening The price includes consultation with a biologist, sampling from the embryo and dispatch of the samples. The price for the examination of one embryo, including ploidy examination, is €515.00 | 1 431,70 € No Kela reimbursement Price 1 431,70 € No Kela reimbursement | The price includes consultation with a biologist, sampling from the embryo and dispatch of the samples. The price for the examination of one embryo, including ploidy examination, is €515.00 |
| PGT-M or preimplantation genetic diagnosis Ask about prices and service availability by calling the clinic. | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | Ask about prices and service availability by calling the clinic. |
| PGT-SR Ask about prices and service availability by calling the clinic. | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | Ask about prices and service availability by calling the clinic. |
| Assisted hatching | 564,70 € No Kela reimbursement Price 564,70 € No Kela reimbursement | |
| EmbryoScope culture The EmbryoScope improves embryo culture conditions. | 522,20 € No Kela reimbursement Price 522,20 € No Kela reimbursement | The EmbryoScope improves embryo culture conditions. |
| Service | Price | Info |
|---|---|---|
| Insemination (IUI), includes the male partner's part The price includes the insemination, the ultrasound scan performed in connection with it, and the processing of sperm for the insemination. | 372,80 € Without Kela reimbursement 487,80 € Price 372,80 € Without Kela reimbursement 487,80 € | The price includes the insemination, the ultrasound scan performed in connection with it, and the processing of sperm for the insemination. |
| In vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment The price includes 2 follow-up appointments and follicle ultrasound scans at the physician's practice, laboratory work (incl. egg retrieval and fertilisation with the spouse's sperm and embryo culture, Zymot sperm processing for in vitro fertilisation treatment and the use of embryo glue. The price does not include embryo transfer. The price of a fresh embryo transfer is €472.40 / deductible €287.40. The embryo transfer includes EmbryoGlue. The price does not include medication. | 2 825,50 € Without Kela reimbursement 3 960,50 € Price 2 825,50 € Without Kela reimbursement 3 960,50 € | The price includes 2 follow-up appointments and follicle ultrasound scans at the physician's practice, laboratory work (incl. egg retrieval and fertilisation with the spouse's sperm and embryo culture, Zymot sperm processing for in vitro fertilisation treatment and the use of embryo glue. The price does not include embryo transfer. The price of a fresh embryo transfer is €472.40 / deductible €287.40. The embryo transfer includes EmbryoGlue. The price does not include medication. |
| Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and examination of egg quality The price includes 2 follow-up appointments and follicle ultrasound scans at a physician's practice, egg retrieval, laboratory work (incl. egg retrieval and microfertilisation with the partner's sperm (1–4 cells/more than 16 cells), embryo culture and the use of embryo glue, Zymot sperm processing, and AI-based egg quality measurement. The price does not include embryo transfer. The price of a fresh embryo transfer is €486.60 / deductible €291.60. Embryo transfer includes EmbryoGlue. The price does not include medication. The price does not include medication. | 3 574,70 € Without Kela reimbursement 5 059,70 € Price 3 574,70 € Without Kela reimbursement 5 059,70 € | The price includes 2 follow-up appointments and follicle ultrasound scans at a physician's practice, egg retrieval, laboratory work (incl. egg retrieval and microfertilisation with the partner's sperm (1–4 cells/more than 16 cells), embryo culture and the use of embryo glue, Zymot sperm processing, and AI-based egg quality measurement. The price does not include embryo transfer. The price of a fresh embryo transfer is €486.60 / deductible €291.60. Embryo transfer includes EmbryoGlue. The price does not include medication. The price does not include medication. |
| Tissue sample from the testicles (testicular biopsy) Searching for sperm from a biopsy taken from the testes. The operation is performed under local anaesthesia. | 1 060,00 € Without Kela reimbursement 1 100,00 € Price 1 060,00 € Without Kela reimbursement 1 100,00 € | Searching for sperm from a biopsy taken from the testes. The operation is performed under local anaesthesia. |
| Microsurgical testicular biopsy Ask about the price and service availability by calling the clinic. | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | Ask about the price and service availability by calling the clinic. |
| Donated embryos | 1 380,20 € No Kela reimbursement Price 1 380,20 € No Kela reimbursement | |
| Donated sperm Donor sperm from the clinic’s own sperm bank for one treatment: The price consists of a reservation and handling fee and a usage fee. Call the advisory service (local network rate/mobile charge) | from 789,00 € No Kela reimbursement Price from 789,00 € No Kela reimbursement | Donor sperm from the clinic’s own sperm bank for one treatment: The price consists of a reservation and handling fee and a usage fee. Call the advisory service (local network rate/mobile charge) |
| Proactive oocyte cryopreservation The price includes treatment planning, two ultrasound scans, egg cell collection, and cryopreservation of oocytes (1–10 oocytes). The final price of oocyte cryopreservation is determined by the number of oocytes to be cryopreserved. Ask about the price and service availability by calling the clinic. Call our advisory service (local network rate/mobile charge) | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | The price includes treatment planning, two ultrasound scans, egg cell collection, and cryopreservation of oocytes (1–10 oocytes). The final price of oocyte cryopreservation is determined by the number of oocytes to be cryopreserved. Ask about the price and service availability by calling the clinic. Call our advisory service (local network rate/mobile charge) |
| Donated eggs Inquire about prices and service availability by calling the clinic. Call customer advisory services (local network rate/mobile charge) | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | Inquire about prices and service availability by calling the clinic. Call customer advisory services (local network rate/mobile charge) |
| PGT-A chromosome screening The price includes consultation with a biologist, sampling from the embryo, and sending of the samples. The price of the examination of one embryo, including ploidy examination, is 515.00 € | 1 431,70 € No Kela reimbursement Price 1 431,70 € No Kela reimbursement | The price includes consultation with a biologist, sampling from the embryo, and sending of the samples. The price of the examination of one embryo, including ploidy examination, is 515.00 € |
| PGT-M or preimplantation genetic diagnosis | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | |
| PGT-SR | Kela reimbursement deducted from the price Price Kela reimbursement deducted from the price | |
| Assisted hatching | 564,70 € No Kela reimbursement Price 564,70 € No Kela reimbursement | |
| EmbryoScope culture The embryoscope improves the culture conditions of embryos. | 522,20 € No Kela reimbursement Price 522,20 € No Kela reimbursement | The embryoscope improves the culture conditions of embryos. |
Revised 9/10/2026
Published 9/11/2026
A man's sperm production usually continues well into adulthood and old age. With age, however, sperm count and quality can decline, which may affect fertility.
Sperm production may decrease. Sperm production and sperm count may decrease with age. The changes usually happen gradually, and their impact on fertility varies individually.
Sperm quality may deteriorate. With age, sperm motility and normal structure, i.e. morphology, may deteriorate. This can affect the sperm's ability to reach the egg and fertilise it.
More changes may occur in sperm DNA. With age, the risk of sperm DNA damage and certain chromosomal abnormalities may increase. This can affect the success of fertilisation and the risk of miscarriage. In addition, an older paternal age is associated with an increased risk of certain health problems in offspring.
Several lifestyle and health factors can impair male fertility.
Lifestyle changes can improve male fertility in about 3 months. This is the time it takes for sperm to mature in the testis. Even a minor improvement in sperm count and quality can enhance the chances of a successful fertility treatment.
Investigating male fertility begins at an appointment with an infertility specialist, where factors related to health status, lifestyle, and previous medical history are reviewed.
If abnormalities are found in the semen analysis, or if there is little sperm or it is completely absent, further examinations can be performed to determine the cause. Further examinations may include a clinical examination by a physician, an ultrasound scan of the scrotum, and checking hormone levels with blood tests.
If necessary, more detailed examinations can be performed on the semen sample, such as a sperm DNA fragmentation examination or Mioxsys examination. Chromosomes and the Y chromosome gene region can in turn be examined from a blood sample if there is cause for it.
Mioxsys test: The Mioxsys test can be used to measure oxidative stress in semen. Oxidative stress occurs when the amount of reactive oxygen species exceeds the body's ability to counteract their harmful effects. Increased oxidative stress can damage sperm DNA.
Sperm DNA fragmentation examination: A DNA fragmentation examination can be used to determine what proportion of sperm contains DNA damage. Sperm DNA damage can occur, among other things, as a result of oxidative stress. The DNA fragmentation index (DFI) describes the amount of DNA fragmentation.
If there are very few sperm or if none are produced at all, the chromosomes and certain gene regions of the Y chromosome can be examined from a blood sample. These examinations can be used to investigate genetic causes for reduced or absent sperm production.
A chromosome examination can reveal, for example, Klinefelter syndrome, where the man has an extra X chromosome (47,XXY). Klinefelter syndrome is the most common sex chromosome abnormality occurring in men, and it is often associated with significantly reduced or absent sperm production.
Genes that affect sperm formation are located in the AZF regions of the Y chromosome. Deletions, or absences, in these regions can significantly reduce sperm production or prevent it entirely. A Y chromosome deletion can also be inherited from father to son if a pregnancy begins from a sperm that has the deletion in question.
The treatment of male fertility depends on the cause affecting fertility. If a disease, hormonal disorder, medication or other treatable factor affecting sperm production can be identified, treatment is primarily targeted at that factor. Lifestyle changes can also support sperm production and fertility.
If sperm count or motility is reduced, fertilisation can be supported with fertility treatments if necessary. The form of treatment is chosen based on the quantity and quality of the sperm as well as the couple’s overall situation. Treatments can include, for example, intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilisation (IVF).
In more severe sperm production disorders, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can be used, in which an individual sperm is injected directly into an oocyte. ICSI can be used, for example, when the sperm count or motility is significantly reduced or a previous fertility treatment has been unsuccessful.
If no sperm is found in the semen, in some situations it can be searched for and collected directly from the testicle by means of a biopsy. In very severe sperm production disorders, a micro-TESE procedure can be used, where sperm is sought from testicular tissue using a microscope. If sperm is found, it can be used in micro-insemination (ICSI).
A semen analysis provides information on the count, motility and structure of sperm. In approximately 30–50% of men, impaired sperm quality is detected in connection with infertility examinations.
Fertility can be supported by avoiding smoking and intoxicants and by limiting alcohol consumption. A versatile and healthy diet, regular exercise, a suitable weight, and sufficient recovery are also important. Managing long-term stress and good treatment balance of primary diseases also contribute to supporting fertility.
A man should seek fertility examinations if pregnancy has not started after a year of regular attempts. Primary diseases or general concern about one’s own fertility are also reasons to seek examinations.
Sperm formation requires an environment for the testes that is slightly cooler than the rest of the body's temperature. Elevated testicular temperature can disrupt sperm formation and impair sperm quality.
Testicular temperature can be raised by, for example, varicoceles and being overweight. Prolonged or repeated exposure to external heat can also affect sperm production. The significance of individual heat exposures, such as taking a sauna, on fertility is likely minor.
Heat-induced changes in sperm production are usually reversible. Once the factor increasing the temperature is eliminated, sperm production can recover, but it may take about three months.
Smoking can impair sperm motility and structure as well as affect their quality. Heavy or long-term alcohol consumption can impair hormonal function and sperm production, as well as affect sperm quality. Other intoxicants can also affect hormonal function, sperm production, and sperm quality.
When trying to achieve pregnancy, quitting smoking and avoiding intoxicants support fertility. With alcohol consumption, it is advisable to keep use as minimal as possible, since heavy alcohol use can impair sperm production and quality.
